Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Sang Hwa Urm

9 Articles

The Prevalence of High Myopia in 19 Year-Old Men in Busan, Ulsan and Gyeongsangnam-Do.: Sang Joon Lee, Sang Hwa Urm, Byeng Chul Yu, Hae Sook Sohn, Young Seoub Hong, Maeng Seok Noh, Yong Hwan Lee; J Prev Med Public Health. 2011;44(1):56-64.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.1.56

5,807 View
66 Download
17 Crossref

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and correlated factors of high myopia in 19 year-old men in Southeast Korea. METHODS: This retrospective study was based on the medical checkup data of conscription during 2005. The study subjects were 19 years old men in Busan, Ulsan and Gyeongsangnam-do. The health checkup data of the conscripts consisted of noncycloplegic autorefraction test, the biometric data and social factors. To analyze the social and biometric effects, we classified the biometric factors into 4 or 5 groups and the social factors into 3 groups. High myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent of under -6.0 diopter. Data analysis was performed using the chi square test for trends and multiple logistic regression analysis. The SAS(version 9.1) program was used for all the analyses. RESULTS: The prevalence of high myopia was 12.39% (6256 / 50 508). The factors correlated with high myopia were the residence area (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.77 to 2.4 for small city; OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.72 to 2.34 for metropolis; the reference group was rural area), academic achievement (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.34 to 1.53 for students of 4-and 6-year-course university; the reference group was high school graduates & under) and blood pressure (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.10 to 2.16 for hypertension; OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.17 for prehypertension; OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.20 for hypotension; the reference group was normal blood pressure). CONCLUSIONS: More than one tenth of the young men were high myopia as one of the risk factor for visual loss. Further studies on high myopia and its complications are needed to improve eye health in Southeast Korea.

Summary

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Dissecting the complex sex-based associations of myopia with height and weight
Yossy Machluf, Asaf Israeli, Eduardo Cohen, Yoram Chaiter, Eedy Mezer
Eye.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Myopic Vascular Changes Revealed by Optical Tomography Angiography and Their Association with Myopic Fundus Manifestations
Yijia Xu, Weiming Yang, Lingling Niu, Xiaoying Wang, Xingtao Zhou, Meiyan Li
Ophthalmic Research.2023; : 1266. CrossRef
Evaluation of University of North Carolina OCT Index for Diagnosis of Early Glaucoma
Eunoo Bak, Ki Ho Park
Ophthalmology Glaucoma.2022; 5(5): 490. CrossRef
Prevalence of Refractive Error in School Children in Suining City of Sichuan Province, China: A School-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Linglin Liu, Heng Li, Zhijin Tang, Zaihong Huang, Xu Yang, Fahd Abd Algalil
Applied Bionics and Biomechanics.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef
Clinical differences between toric intraocular lens (IOL) and monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation when myopia is determined as target refraction
Da Young Shin, Ho Sik Hwang, Hyun Seung Kim, Man Soo Kim, Eun Chul Kim
BMC Ophthalmology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Myopic maculopathy: Current status and proposal for a new classification and grading system (ATN)
Jorge Ruiz-Medrano, Javier A. Montero, Ignacio Flores-Moreno, Luis Arias, Alfredo García-Layana, José M. Ruiz-Moreno
Progress in Retinal and Eye Research.2019; 69: 80. CrossRef
Visual acuity of young men in China
Yi Wan, Xun Jiang, Jie-Qiong Zhang, Jin-Peng Zhang, Ning-Xu Chen, Yang Cao, Yong-Yong Xu, Lei Shang
Medicine.2019; 98(1): e13966. CrossRef
Peripheral retinal changes in highly myopic young Asian eyes
David Z. Chen, Victor Koh, Marcus Tan, Colin S. Tan, Gerard Nah, Liang Shen, Mayuri Bhargava, Ching‐Yu Cheng, Paul Zhao, Tien Yin Wong, Seang‐Mei Saw
Acta Ophthalmologica.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
The Location of the Deepest Point of the Eyeball Determines the Optic Disc Configuration
Yong Chan Kim, Younhea Jung, Hae-Young Lopilly Park, Chan Kee Park
Scientific Reports.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Myopic Maculopathy and Optic Disc Changes in Highly Myopic Young Asian Eyes and Impact on Visual Acuity
Victor Koh, Colin Tan, Pei Ting Tan, Marcus Tan, Vinay Balla, Gerard Nah, Ching-Yu Cheng, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui, Mellisa M.H. Tan, Adeline Yang, Paul Zhao, Tien Yin Wong, Seang-Mei Saw
American Journal of Ophthalmology.2016; 164: 69. CrossRef
Choroidal thickness does not predict visual acuity in young high myopes
Preeti Gupta, Carol Y. Cheung, Seang‐Mei Saw, Victor Koh, Mellisa Tan, Adeline Yang, Paul Zhao, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Tien Yin Wong, Ching‐Yu Cheng
Acta Ophthalmologica.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Differences in Prevalence of Refractive Errors in Young Asian Males in Singapore between 1996–1997 and 2009–2010
Victor Koh, Adeline Yang, Seang Mei Saw, Yiong Huak Chan, Sheng Tong Lin, Mellisa Mei Hui Tan, Frederick Tey, Gerard Nah, M. Kamran Ikram
Ophthalmic Epidemiology.2014; 21(4): 247. CrossRef
Myopia and international educational performance
Ian G Morgan, Kathryn A Rose
Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics.2013; 33(3): 329. CrossRef
Annual Changes in Refractive Errors and Ocular Components before and after the Onset of Myopia in Chinese Children
Fan Xiang, Mingguang He, Ian G. Morgan
Ophthalmology.2012; 119(7): 1478. CrossRef
Optic Disc Torsion Direction Predicts the Location of Glaucomatous Damage in Normal-Tension Glaucoma Patients with Myopia
Hae-Young L. Park, Kook Lee, Chan Kee Park
Ophthalmology.2012; 119(9): 1844. CrossRef
Epidemiologic Characteristics of Intraocular Pressure in the Korean and Mongolian Populations: The Healthy Twin and the GENDISCAN Study
Mi Kyeong Lee, Sung-Il Cho, Ho Kim, Yun-Mi Song, Kayoung Lee, Jong-Il Kim, Dong-Myung Kim, Tae-Young Chung, Youn Sic Kim, Jeong-Sun Seo, Don-Il Ham, Joohon Sung
Ophthalmology.2012; 119(3): 450. CrossRef
Refractive Surgery for Accommodative Esotropia: Past, Present, and Future
Amy K. Hutchinson
European Journal of Ophthalmology.2012; 22(6): 871. CrossRef

Factors Influencing the Intention of Admission into a Charged Nursing Home for the Elderly.: Jin Ho Chun, Young Soon Yoo, Eun Hi Cho, Byung Chul Yu, Ki Won Jeong, Sang Hwa Urm, Sung Jun Kim; Korean J Prev Med. 2001;34(1):1-8.

2,124 View
33 Download

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
To gather information about the factors which influence the interest and intention of admission into charging nursing homes for the elderly(CNH), as these homes represent an important method for resolving the problems related to the rapid population aging occurring in Korea. METHODS: A face-to-face interview survey was carried out with 328(men 159, women 169) patients over 60 years old who were admitted at 2 university hospitals and 5 general hospitals in the Busan area between December 1998 and March 1999. Data were analyzed through t-test, ANOVA, correlation and multiple regression analysis. microgram/g RESULTS: The mean age and years of education of the study population was 67.8 and 7.7 years, and the types of chronic degenerative disease included musculoskeletal disorders(20.1%), cerebrovascular disease(17.1%), and diabetes(14.3%). The major forms of household living arrangement prior to admission were elderly alone(22.6%), and elderly couple(33.5%), while about half of them(55.5%) didn't want to live with their children in the future. Almost half were paying medication fees by themselves(46.6%). The level of actual intention of admission(3.07+/-1.39) into a CNH was lower than that of interest(3.22+/-1.33)(p<0.01). Multiple analysis revealed that the intention of admission increased with decreasing number of future supportive persons(beta=0.107), lower level of activity in daily life(beta=0.447), and longer years of education(beta=0.447) with 32.7% of R2. As for the factors which determined the admission into a CNH, the fee and facilities were considered to be most important, and professional nursing and physician's care were the most desired services. In nomenclature, they preferred "elderly hospital" or "elderly health center" to CNH. CONCLUSIONS: Interest in CNH is increasing recently, but existing studies about patient experiences in CHN are still limited. This study may form a basis for future examinations of the needs and uses for CNH. Active financial support and public information are considered by the authors to be important factors for the induction of welfare services for the elderly, through CNH.; Summary

Comparison of Methods for the Detection of Anti-HBs for Hepatitis B Vaccination Program in Korea.: Hae Sook Sohn, Jeong Nyeo Lee, Sang Hwa Urm, Jong Tae Lee, Jin Ho Chun; Korean J Prev Med. 2000;33(2):226-230.

2,320 View
55 Download

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to suggest a proper method for the detection of heaptitis B surface antibody(anti-HBs) in a screening program for hepatitis B vaccination. METHODS: Sensivitity, specificity and predictive values were compared between Immunochromatographic assay (ICA) and passive hemagglutination(PHA) in 978 subjects(565 males, 413 females, 19-78 years ranging in age, mean 46.5 years old). EIA was used as a standard method for the detection of HBsAb. RESULTS: Sensitivity in the detection of anti-HBs of PHA and ICA was 88.7% and 94.9%, specificity was 94.3% and 96.6%, negative predictive value was 96.5% and 98.0%, and positive predictive value was 82.3% and 91.3%, respectively. False negative rate(11.3%) of PHA was higher than that(5.1%) of ICA. The higher the titer of anti-HBs in EIA was, the lower the false negative rate was. There was no false negative result in the cases with 101mIU/ml or more in EIA. CONCLUSION: We suggest that ICA should be the choice of screening method in the detection of anti-HBs in Hepatitis B vaccination program.; Summary

A Study on the Health Status of Korean Vietnam Veterans' Children: A Result of Questionnaire Survey on Vietnam Veterans of Pusan Area Who Diagnosed as Cases by Korean Veteran's Hospital Diagnostic Criteria.: Jin Ho Chun, Hak Joon Kim, Hae Sook Sohn, Sang Hwa Urm, Soo Kyung Park, Byung Chul Yu, Jong Tae Lee; Korean J Prev Med. 2000;33(1):17-24.

2,143 View
22 Download

Abstract PDF: OBJECTIVES
To propose the referential data to evaluate the health impacts of Vietnam veterans' children whose father were exposed to herbicides in Vietnam War. METHODS: Vietnam veterans who visited to Pusan Veteran Hospital for medical care were recruited from April to October, 1998. They were 71 and asked about their own combat history, symptoms and illness, and health status of their 182 children. The informations were collected by direct and phone interview. Exposure estimation was also performed as exposure score depending on year and unit of participation, and personal episodes related to exposure to herbicide in the war. It classified into three groups; lower(<18.0), moderate(18-53), high(> or =53) exposure group. RESULTS: The mean age and the period into the combat of the veterans were 52.8 years and 15.0 months. The mean exposure score was 18.1+/-9.9, and mainly distributed in lower (46.5%) and moderate(52.1%) exposure group. Most(90.1%) of them were diagnosed as sequelae(21 cases) and suspected sequelae(43 cases) of the herbicides by Korean veteran's hospital diagnostic criteria. The major sequelae was peripheral neuropathy 13 cases, chloracne 5 cases, and the major suspected sequelae was hypertension 20 cases, diabetes mellitus 18 cases, liver disease 12 cases, central neuropathy 11 cases, etc. About birth, 42.2% and 16.9% experienced spontaneous abortion and stillbirth, respectively. The mean exposure score was higher in stillbirth experience group(p<0.05). About half of the children(90 cases, 49.5%) hold the abnormal health status: those were skin pigmentation 38 cases, rash 23 cases, congenital anomaly 15 cases, general weakness 12 cases, purpura 8 cases, visual disturbance 8 cases, etc. These health problems had no association with father's exposure level(p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results were depend on their own answers, and expectation for compensation did not excluded, therefore, this study may have limitations: inaccuracy of informations due to recall bias and response bias. Nevertheless, through this study, we could image the fundamental aspect for health impacts of Vietnam veterans' children for preparing the national control program and policy. A large scale epidemiologic study with valid exposure assessment on the health impacts of Vietnam veterans' children is recommneded.; Summary

The Knowledge and Practice of the Breast Self-examination in Women who got health check up.: Soo Jin Jeong, Soon Seok Choi, Jun Han Park, Sang Hwa Urm, Kui Won Jeong, Chae Un Lee, Ki Taek Pae; Korean J Prev Med. 1998;31(4):740-750.

1,884 View
18 Download

Abstract PDF: The methods for the early diagnoses of breast cancer are mammography, physical examination, breast self-examination(BSE). This study was conducted to investigate the knowledge and practice of BSE by structured questionnaire which included questions on general characteristics, performance of mammography, physical examination of breast, knowledge and practice of BSE. The subjects in this study were 412 females between 20 and 69 years old who visit to the Health Care Center of College of medicine of Inje University from December 1997 to February 1998. The results were as follows: 1. Women who have gotten the regular mammography are 8.19% of these subjects and women who have gotten the regular physical examination by doctors are 4.19% of these subjects. 2. Regarding BSE, 77.4% of these subjects said that they knew BSE and 3.88% of these subjects said that they practiced BSE regularly. It was that women who knew BSE were more younger, better-educated and higher economic status(p=0.001) and lived a normal life with her husband(p=0.033). And women who practiced BSE regularly were more younger, and married(p=0.001). 3. The most common barrier to doing BSE is 'Do not see the needs/Worry unnecessarily', and the most common reasons for doing BSE is 'Early detection'. 4. The overall frequency and percentage distribution of recommended BSE step in Korea is lower than U.S.A.; Summary

Relationship of Level of Stress, Life Style, Subjective Symptoms and Clinical Diagnosis in Clients taken Multiphasic Screening Program.: Jun Han Park, Jin Ho Chun, Jang Mi Kang, Byung Chul Son, Dae Hwan Kim, Chang Hee Lee, Kui Won Jeong, Sang Hwa Urm; Korean J Prev Med. 1998;31(4):728-739.

2,058 View
25 Download

Abstract PDF: To improve wellness and quality of life by recognizing the health effects of stress, the author estimated the relationships between stress, subjective symptoms and clinical diagnosis through a questionnaire and a battery of specified laboratory tests - electrocardiography, blood pressure, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), gamma glutamyl transferase(gamma-GTP), fasting blood sugar, gastro-endoscopy or UGI, abdominal sonography, etc. The data was gathered from 337 clients who were undergoing multiphasic screening program at a University Hospital from January to March 1998. The mean age of subjects was 46.5+/-11.2 years and the mean of body mass index was 24.0+/-3.7kg/m2. The mean level of stress was 18.5+/-6.0 expressed as the score out of 40. By general characteristics and life style among male, mean level of stress was significantly higher in case of lower socioeconomic status, habitual drug use, longer daily working time(>10 hours), no regular exercise, drinkers, irregular meal, skipping breakfast(p<0.05). In case of female, that was significantly higher in case of lower education, lower socioeconomic status, longer daily working time(>10 hours), no regular exercise, drinkers, smokers, irregular meal, skipping breakfast(p<0.05). Significant correlations were observed between stress and subjective symptoms in all kinds of organ system(p<0.01). Correlation coefficients of stress among male were relatively high with neuro-psychiatric symptom(gamma=0.476) and cardio-vascular symptom(gamma=0.361) in order, and correlation coefficients of stress among female was highest with neuro-psychiatric symptom(gamma=0.371). The prevalence of the diagnosis through the battery of laboratory tests was high in upper gastrointestinal disorders and hypercholesterolemia in order in both sex group. Among male the mean score of stress was significantly high in ulcerative peptic disorder of upper gastrointestine and hepatopathy in order (p<0.05) . Among female that was significantly high in diabetes mellitus. In summary, it is likely that there are associations between stress, subjective symptoms and clinical diagnosis. To promote wellness and quality of life through, therefore, it would be of value that periodic stress evaluation program and stress management including appropriate control of smoking and drinking, regular exercise and meal.; Summary

Effect of Therapeutic Exercises on Shoulder Dysfunction in VDT-related female Office Workers.: Soon Seok Choi, Kui Won Jeong, Sang Hwa Urm, Soo Jin Jeong, Jong Tae Lee, Jin Ho Chun, Chae Un Lee, Ki Taek Pae; Korean J Prev Med. 1998;31(2):228-239.

2,166 View
23 Download

Abstract PDF: Visual display terminal(VDT) is popular in majority of office in modern countries. Musculoskeletal pain due to repetitive work with VDT is a serious industrial accident at present. In recent studies, shoulder pain in VDT users is the most common problem in Korea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of exercises on shoulder dysfunction in VDT-related female office workers. Of the l19 patients with shoulder dysfunction, 32 patients entered into the study. 16 patients(Group I) were not prescribed exercises, other 16 patients (Group II) performed throughout the specific shoulder exercises such as pendular exercises(forward, backward and circumduction) and sidelying external rotation exercises with weights. After 3 months of exercises, the two groups were compared in term of the pain rating scale, disability questionnaire score and range of motion score. The results were summarized as follows ; l. The pain rating scale in Group I before and after 3 months were not differenced significantly(p value=0.784) and in Group II, the scale before and after exercises were differenced significantly(p value=0.0005). 2. The disability, questionnaire scores in Group I before and after 3 months were not differenced significantly(p value=0.437) and in Group II, the scores before and after exercises were differenced significantly(p value=0.0002). 3. The ROM scores of the affected shoulder in Group I before and after 3 months were not differenced significantly(p value=0.876) and in Group II, the scores before and after exercises were differenced significantly(p value=0.0017). In conclusion, that the specific shoulder exercises on shoulder dysfunction in VDT-related female office workers are encouraged.; Summary

PCR and RFLP-based CYP2D6(B) and CYP2D6(T) Genotyping for Korean Lung Cancer Cases and Controls.: Jin Ho Chun, Chang Hee Lee, Sang Hwa Urm, Byung Chul Son, Jun Han Park, Kui Oak Jung, Chang Hak Sohn, Hye Kyoung Yoon, Choon Hee Son, Hyung In Kim, Jin Seok Kim; Korean J Prev Med. 1998;31(1):1-14.

2,279 View
30 Download

Abstract PDF: The genetically determined CYP2D6 activity is considered to be associated with cancer susceptibility with inter-individual variation. Genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6(B) and CYP2D6(T) was determined by the two polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and BstN1 and EcoN1 restriction fragment length polymorphisms(RFLP) for 67 lung cancer cases and 95 healthy volunteer controls. The cases were composed of 26 squamous cell carcinoma, 14 small cell carcinoma, 10 adenocarcinoma, 3 large cell undifferentiated carcinoma, and 14 not histologically diagnosed. The results were gained from the 142 subjects (57 cases and 85 controls) who observed successfully in two PCR and BstN1/EcoN1 RFLP. Only one and no mutant allele of the CYP2D6(B) and CYP2D6(T) gene was detected, that is, the frequency of mutant allele was very low; 0.7%(1/142) and 0%(0/142), respectively. Detected mutant allele of the CYP2D6(B) was heterozygous type(WM). The odds ratios for lung cancer susceptibility with CYP2D6(B) and CYP2D6(T) genotype were not calculated. These results are similar to the previous understanding that the mutant allele is very rare in Orientals compared to Caucasians, therefore, it considered that CYP2D6(B) and CYP2D6(T) genotypes have maybe no association with lung cancer susceptibility in Koreans. This is the basic data of CYP2D6(B) and CYP2D6(T) genotypes for Koreans. It would be hepful for further study to determine lung cancer susceptibility of Koreans with the data about CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1 from future study.; Summary

Relationship between Life Style, the Level of Stress and Irritable Bowel Syndrome on 1498 Male White Collars.: Jong Ryul Kim, Sang Hwa Urm, Jin Ho Chun, Soo Jin Jeong, Chang Hee Lee, Kui Won Jeong, Soon Seok Choi, Ki Taek Pee; Korean J Prev Med. 1997;30(4):791-804.

2,259 View
37 Download

Abstract PDF: Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is one of the common health problem that has been considered as stress-induced. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between life style and the level of stress and IBS by structured questionnaire which included questions on life style, the self-esteemed gastrointestinal symptoms, and Psychosocial Well-being Index(PWI). Subjects were 1,498 male white collars who get the regular health check and participated in survey at Inje University Health Promotion Center from January to December, 1996. The overall prevalence of IBS was 37.5%(561 cases), and the level of stress by PWI score was higher in IBS group(41.8+/-14.2) than symptom-free group(34.6+/-12.6). As the result of comparison between the two groups, heavier smoking (adjusted OR=2.48, 95% CI 1.81-3.41), longer daily working time (adjusted OR=5.19, 95% CI 3.59-7.56), stimulatory food materials-mainly hot or salty (adjusted OR=1.87, 95% CI 1.44-2.45), higher body mass index (adjusted OR=1.80, 95% CI 1.27-2.57), and higher level of stress (adjusted OR=2.81, 95% CI 1.80-4.43) were estimated as risk factors of IBS. On the contrary, 6-8 hours sleeping per day (adjusted OR=0.38 95% CI 0.21-0.70), 3-4 times exercise per week (adjusted OR=0.57 95% CI 0.39-0.83), and tenure more than 20 years (adjusted OR=0.25 95% CI 0.16-0.35) were considered as protective factors to IBS. In summary, the assessment of the stress level might be placed in the first priority to control IBS, at least by some degree, which suggested that IBS could be controlled by avoiding such risk factors and by encouraging such protective factors.; Summary

Author index